When results of India’s 2011 census began to emerge in recent weeks, one statistic was greeted with shock by demographers. The country’s sex ratio of girls to boys at age 6 had plummeted because of gender-selective abortions or the deaths of female infants. For every 1,000 boys counted in India, there were 914 little girls, down from a ratio of 1,000 to 927 in 2001.